Performance evaluation of a four-row pneumatic seed plate with and without additional two components for metering sesame seed
الملخص
This study try to solve the problem of multiple seed picked-up by rows 1 and 2 of a prototype of four-row pneumatic seed plate that previously developed to meter small seed. This prototype can diminish unnecessary multiple seeding units, components and associated complications. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of a four-row pneumatic seed plate (prototype) with two additional components, namely; curved-edges seed ejecting and vacuum controlling devices on sesame seed. The study was conducted in the College of Engineering Huazhong Agricultural University, China in 2022. The vacuum pressure controlling and curved-edge seed ejecting devices were fabricated from plastic materials using a three dimensions printing machine. These two devices were assembled independently into the prototype. The test included three methods; prototype alone, the vacuum pressure controlling device assembled to the prototype and curved-edge seed ejector device assembled to the prototype. For the three methods, the test was executed at a constant pressure (1 kPa) and at five rotating speeds, namely; 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 rpm. However, the vacuum controlling device was positioned at five clearances from seed plate surface (zero, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm). The results showed that row 1 still picked-up the highest seed mass across all rotating speeds and the three methods. The prototype gave the highest seed mass at all rotating speeds compared to the other two methods. The picked-up seed mass per rows increased consistency as rotating speed increased. The clearance of 1 mm of vacuum controlling device obtained relatively better results compared with the other studied clearances. The curved-edge device obtained lower picked-up seed mass and semi-uniform output per rows compared to the vacuum controlling device. The study concluded that further studies are needed on adjusting the position of vacuum controlling device and curved-edge clearance.
تمت المحاولة من خلال هذه الدراسة لمعالجة مشكلة التقاط البذور فى الصف 1 و2 فى جهازتلقيم بذور هوائى ذو اربعة صفوف تم تصميمه مسبقا لتلقيم البذور صغيرة الحجم. هذا الجهازيمكنه ان يقلل عدد الوحدات المطلوبة لتلقيم البذور بالزراعة وبالتالي يقلل عناصر ووحدات التلقيم بالزرًّاعة و التعقيدات التى تصاحبها. كان الهدف الاساسي من هذه الدراسة هو قياس الاداء لجهاز تلقيم البذور الاولى ذو قرص هوائي متعدد الصفوف ومقارنته باستخدام طريقتين مختلفتين لازالة البذورالزائدة من الصفوف لمحصول السمسم, هما استخدام شريحة بلاستيكية للتحكم فى حجم الهواء السالب المستخدم لالتقاط وحمل البذور, وطريقة استخدام قاذف بذور ذو حواف منحنية. تم اجراء التجربة بكلية الهندسة – جامعة وسط الصين للزراعة - الصين – 20222. تم تصنيع الجهازين من البلاستيك المقوى باستخدام ماكينة طباعة ثلاثية الابعاد محوسبة. تم اختبار الجهازين بصورة منفصلة فى نموزج جهاز التلقيم الاولى. اشتمل الاختبار على اختبار النموزج الاصلى , واختبار شريحة التحكم فى ضغط الهواء السالب, واختبارقاذف بذور ذو حواف منحنية بصورة منفردة لكل جهاز. تم اختبار الطرق الثلاثة باستخدام ضغط هواء سالب ثابت مقداره ( 1 كيلو باسكال) عند خمس سرعات لقرص البذور هى 5, 10, 15, 20, و25 لفة/الدقيقة. كشفت النتائج ان قيمة الهواء السالب المستخدم كانت كافية لتحقيق سحب والتقاط البذور تحت كل السرعات دون وجود فواقد (losses). كذلك اوضحت النتائج ان الصف1 حصل على اعلى معدل لالتقاط البذور عند كل السرعات وطرق الاختبار الثلاثة. تحت ظروف السرعات وطرق الاختبار الثلاثة, كانت كمية (وزن) البذور اعلى فى النموزج الاولى اكثر من الطريقتين الاخرتين. كذلك كشفت الدراسة ان مقدار البذور الملتقطة يزداد بازدياد سرعة التشغيل. وجد من خلال الدراسة ايضا ان الخلوص (1ملم) لشريحة التحكم فى ضغط الهواء يعطي نتائج افضل مقارنة بالخلوصات الاخرى. طريقة استخدام الجهاز ذو الحواف المنحنية نتج عنها وزن اقل للبذور فى الصفوف ولكنه اكثر تقاربا و استقرارا مقارنة بشريحة التحكم فى الضغط . خلصت النتائج الى ان مزيدا من الدراسة مطلوبا فى هذا الجانب, مع التركيز على الضبط الدقيق لجهاز شريحة التحكم فى الضغط السالب والجهاز ذو الحواف المنحية حتى يتم الحصول على اداء صفوف أفضل لقرص التلقيم متعدد لصفوف.
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